Biology 1201A Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Seedless Fruit, Noncoding Dna, Polyploid
23 Dec 2016
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Genome: the entire collection of dna sequences for a given organism. 23 chromosomes but 2 sets therefore 46 chromosomes in each cell. Complete genome is not exclusively contained in the nucleus. Ploidy: number of sets of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. Haploid = one set of chromosomes (for humans, n=23) Megakaryocytes (16n -128n) platelets in blood (stops bleeding) You can take a diploid plant and generate seeds/pollen and fuse them togethe. Aneuploidy - an abnormal number of chromosomes in a cell, missing or extra c extra chromosomes it is cause of down syndrome) Genomics: study the structure and function of a genome from its dna sequence. Genome size: the amount of dna in one genome, total number of nucleotides. Huge range of genome size but general trend of complexity and size. C-value paradox: genome size tends not to relate to its complexity. Majority of you genome does not code for proteins.
