PSY100H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Leading Question, Psy, Anise
Thursday, October 27, 2016
PSY 100: LEC 13
Ta b l e o f C o n t e n t s
The Power of Suggestion
-Memories might be fake, might be real, might be artificially implemented, and the
confidence of the person
-Researchers have been able to induce people to "recall" complicated events from
early in life that never actually happened, such as getting lost in a shopping mall
-Fake Disneyland commercial featuring Bugs Bunny -> 1/3 to recall meeting Bugs at
Disneyland!
Lading Questions: Loftus & Palmer
-Participants viewed a video of a car crash
-Two conditions:
-Control question: How fast were the two cars going when they contacted each
other?
-Leading question: How fast were the two cars going when they smashed into
each other?
-Smashed = 65.7 km/h, Contacted = 51.2 km/h
-In various scenarios, subjects could also he lead to remember broken glass
(where there was none), stop signs and other details, etc..
Is Memory Reliable?
-People who've been through abuse can forget all of it or most of it for years and then
can remember it again after, it happens
-In therapy they remember being abused as a child, maybe therapist has theory that
mental abuse in children and they remember all this, it's possible
!1
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Thursday, October 27, 2016
-People who haven't gotten abuse can have memories implanted like sexual abuse
and accuse someone and families fall apart, and this is awful
-Really messy problem, cause you don't want to take a person who has been abused
and not believe them and treat them with suspicion, you don't want a person of a
loving family to be unfairly charged for the most worst thing and they didn't do it
-In law you can come across this, you gotta really be careful of memory biases
Martensville Abuse Case
-Martensville, Saskatchewan (1992)
-One woman accused another who ran a daycare of sexually abusing her child
-No parents had actually seen evidence of mistreatment
-None of the children had complained to their parents
-Police investigated, questioning the children who went to the daycare. Nothing
suspicious was reported
-After repeated questioning by a rookie officer with only 7 months experience,
children began to report sexual abuse.... Allegations began to snowball...
-One boy reported being taken to a "Devil Church" where bizarre sex acts were
performed... Children began to accuse police officers of being involved...
-During the investigation,the children at the day-care centre were repeatedly
questioned about the anise by the police, who used suggestive techniques to
obtain testimony of abuse
-Rumours of child mutilation, and obscene, bizarre ritualistic abuse became
common. Children soon added these rumours to their "memories"
-They have become traumatized
-No evidence of any a use was found, except for people's fears and the childrens'
"memories"
-The RCMP arrest 9 people, 5 of them police officers, and charged them over with
100 counts of sexual and physical abuse
-One officer, John Popowich, maintained his innocence throughout. However, his
life was ruined, his family put under incredible stress, his 20-year career ended.
!2
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find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Memories might be fake, might be real, might be arti cially implemented, and the con dence of the person. Researchers have been able to induce people to recall complicated events from early in life that never actually happened, such as getting lost in a shopping mall. Fake disneyland commercial featuring bugs bunny -> 1/3 to recall meeting bugs at. Participants viewed a video of a car crash. Smashed = 65. 7 km/h, contacted = 51. 2 km/h. In various scenarios, subjects could also he lead to remember broken glass (where there was none), stop signs and other details, etc People who"ve been through abuse can forget all of it or most of it for years and then can remember it again after, it happens. In therapy they remember being abused as a child, maybe therapist has theory that mental abuse in children and they remember all this, it"s possible.
