BCH210H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Alpha And Beta Carbon, Optical Rotation, Carboxylic Acid

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bluepig214

12 Sep 2019

School

UTSG

Department

Biochemistry

Course

BCH210H1

Professor

Stavroula Andreopoulos, Roman Melnyk, Sian Patterson, Reinhart Reithmeier

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BCH210H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Cystic Fibrosis, Glucose Transporter, Gene Expression

BCH210H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Alpha And Beta Carbon, Optical Rotation, Carboxylic Acid

BCH210H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Disulfide, Aliphatic Compound, Hydrophobe

Document Summary

Describe the organization of functional groups in an amino acid. Proteins are polymers of amino acid residues linked in a linear chain by peptide/amide bonds poly-peptides. Amino acids are made up an amino group, a carboxyl group and an r side chain. There are 20 different standard amino acids, some of which are essential and must be obtained from our diet. 11 in our body, other 9 must come from diet. In the middle carbon atom (called alpha) Positive charge and negative charge at neutral ph. Isomers also exhibit optical activity (optically active molecules) The asymmetric alpha carbon center results in chirality. Chiral molecules are non-superimposable, mirror images and are called enantiomers. L and d isomers mirror images of each other. But the l amino acids are physiologically relevant in plant and animal proteins. Definition a zwitterion is a neutral molecule that has separate positively and negatively charged functional groups. Amino acids are overall neutral ph 7; net charge 0.

Related Questions

Please answer all questions

b) SELECT TWO

For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected from the list below. Not all words or phrases will be used; each word or phrase should be used only once. Proteins are ______________ built from amino acids, which each have an amino group and a _____________ group attached to the central _______________. There are twenty possible _______________ that differ in structure and are generally referred to as âR.â In solutions of neutral pH, amino acids are _______________, carrying both a positive and negative charge. When a protein is made, amino acids are linked together through _______________, which are formed by condensation reactions between the carboxyl end of the last amino acid and the ___________________ end of the next amino acid to be added to the growing chain.

a: amino	b: ionized	c: polypeptides
d: alpha-carbon	e: length	f: protein
g: carbon	h: noncovalent	i: R group
j: carboxyl	k: peptide bonds	l: side chains

m: hydroxide

indigofrog836

Classify each of the following statements as true or false:

a) To be classified as organic, a compound must be or have been part of a living organism.

b) Carbon atoms normally form four bonds in organic compounds.

c) Only an unsaturated hydrocarbon can engage in an addition reaction.

d) Members of a homologous series differ by a distinct structural unit.

e) Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.

f) Alkyl groups are a class of organic compounds.

g) Isomers have the same molecular formulas but different structural formulas.

h) Cis-trans isomerism appear among alkenes but not alkynes.

i) All aliphatic hydrocarbons are unsaturated.

j) Aromatic hydrocarbons have a ring structure.

k) An alcohol has an alkyl group bonded to an oxygen atom, and an ether has two.

l) Carbonyl groups are found in alcohols and aldehydes.

m) An ester is an aromatic carbon made from the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.

n) An amine has one, two, or three alkyl groups substituted for hydrogens in an ammonia molecule.

o) An amide has the structure of a carboxylic acid except that replaces OH in the carboxyl group.

p) A peptide linkage series arises when a water molecule forms from a hydrogen from the of one amino acid molecule an from an another amino acid molecule.