BIO230H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Death Effector Domain, Programmed Cell Death, Fas Ligand
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BIO230H1 Full Course Notes
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Necessary: removes juvenile body parts, sculpts fingers and toes. Highly regulated (controlled with proteins) and stereotyped (there is a pattern) Not the same as neocrosis (accidental cell death: e. g. , with acute injury, cells can swell and burst into surrounding tissue; can lead to damaging inflammatory reaction (redness, pain, swelling, fever, etc. , apoptosis avoids this by: Signaling to macrophages for cell removal by engulfment. Caspases: cysteine proteases and other proteins (specificity factor involved) that cleave target proteins at specific aspartic acid residues. Procaspases are cleaved and activated by other caspases. This leads to an amplified cascade of caspase activity. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dutp nick end labeling (tunel) is used to detect fragmented dna in cells after induction of apoptosis. If it is tunel positive, cell apoptosis occurs. Apoptotic cells also change their cell surface properties: phosphatidylserine (phospholipid) is normally restricted to the inner leaflet (cytosolic side) of the plasma membrane.
