BIO130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Nucleosome, Heterochromatin, Chromatin

• School: UTSG
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIO130H1
• Professor: Melody Neumann

Document Summary

Fish: fluorescence in situ hybridization: probe is made that is complimentary to target, melt dna a bit in chromosome and in probe, can paint chromosomes different colours, can get karyotype: artificial array of paired chromosomes in numerical order. Heat loosens dna in chromosome, separates double helix at 1 point. Getting eukaryotic genome packed into cells: the chromosome solution. Each chromosome contains 1 long linear dna molecule + associated proteins (histone/non-histone proteins) [dna + histones + non-histones] = chromatin: chromatin: nucleoprotein material making up chromosomes of euks, chromatin tightly packaged, not too tight b/c dna needs to be accessible for transcription/replication/repair. Helix supercoils into nucleosome core particle: dna + core histones (8 subunits) Nucleosome: repeating subunits of organised dna + histones: each nucleosome has nucleosome core particle: Core particle: length of super-coiled dna wrapped around disk-shaped complex w/ 8: small well-define basic proteins of chromatin, histones highly conserved (ex: histones of cow/peas very similar)