BIO120H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Hugo De Vries, Carl Correns, Gregor Mendel
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BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
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Genotype: genetic constitution of an organism, used in relation to a particular gene or gene combinations, ex: aa, aabb. Genome: the organism"s dna including genes and non-coding regions. Gene: the functional unit of inheritance located on the chromosomes consisting of dna, a dna sequence composed of codons essential for biological functions. Independent assortment and recombination during meiosis generates enormous diversity. Most genetic variability in a population results from sexual reproduction, input from mutation very small. Barbara mcclintock from cornell university won the 1983 nobel prize for. Physiology-medicine for her discovery of jumping genes or mobile (transposable) genetic elements in maize that arise by mutation and can move around the genome. Stable change in dna sequence resulting in a change of genotype. Occurs at a low but variable rate in all organisms. Must occur in germ cells, somatic mutations not inherited. Mutation is an unstoppable phenomenon not directed by organism or the environment. Rates depends on the type of mutation.
