BIO120H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: African Great Lakes, Willi Hennig, Carl Linnaeus
36
BIO120H1 Full Course Notes
Verified Note
36 documents
Document Summary
Carolus linnaeus: binomial nomenclature: hierarchical system of classification. Biological classification: name is a key to the literature on an organism, enables interpretation of origins and evolutionary history, taxon: a named taxonomic unit at any level (plural: taxa) Phylogenetics: study of evolutionary history and relationships: willi hennig: developed method for constructing phylogenetic trees, monophyletic group: all members of the taxon descend from a single common ancestor. Convergent evolution: evolution of structures that resemble one another and perform similar functional roles due to shared ecology of unrelated organisms: ex. Succulents (cactus/spurge/milkweed) have spines for protection regardless of geographical regions: ex. Cichlid fish of african great lakes have similar appearances due to feeding strategies. Molecular biology: all life is related through branching descent (evidence due to common genetic code, evolutionary relationships among species are reflected in their dna, genes or parts of a gene can be sequenced for different species. Species can be assessed for changes in the sequence of nucleotides.
