PSYB10H3 Lecture 10: Lecture 10
Document Summary
Introduction to reasoning: a thought process that yields a conclusion from percept, thoughts or assertions, deductive reasoning. Conclusions that follow with certainty (100%) from their premises. Key elements: antecedent (if statement, consequent (then statement) Types of valid deductions: modus ponens (a true, b true, modus tollens (b false, a false) Types of invalid deductions: affirmation of the consequent (b true, a true, denial of the antecedent (a false, b false) People are good at recognizing modus ponens but not modus tollens. Wason selection task: effect of context: people do better if its in real world context (beer and drinking age) Conclusions that probabilistically follow from their premises. Using it as a stereotype by applying one thing to everybody. Frontal lobe damaged patients struggle with complex inductive reasoning (comparing relationships: frontal lobes are important, relational integration. Considering multiple relations simultaneously (highest from of reasoning. Ra(cid:448)e(cid:374)"s progressi(cid:448)e (cid:373)atri(cid:272)es: having to use the relationship between the columns and rows.
