BIOA02H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Exponential Growth, Logistic Function, Carrying Capacity

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Key: they interact negatively with other member in the species. Populatio(cid:374) gro(cid:449)th rate: (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ge i(cid:374) the (cid:374)u(cid:373)(cid:271)er of i(cid:374)di(cid:448)iduals (cid:894) n(cid:895) o(cid:448)er ti(cid:373)e (cid:894) t(cid:895) Two types: exponential growth (density independent, growth rate does not depend on number of individuals, usually occurs when species , colonize new habitat, recolonize habitat (after local extinction) Rabbits in australia: 20 rabbits introduced in australia in late 1800s, quickly became invasive, population size reached millions by early 1900s. We can also express this equation in terms of per capita (per individual) rates of birth (b) and death (d) If we let r = b d, we can simplify this equation. Here, r = the population growth rate in an unlimited environment r is also referred to as the intrinsic growth rate, because it is the instantaneous growth rate when resources are not limited. To estimate future population sizes, we will need to use a different equation. Nt = future population size (at time t)

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---- Please hlep on ALL EXCERCISES on excel with each excersie on a separate tab. Thank You

Pop 1 â Exponential Population Growth

Exercise #1 Begin with a continuously growing population of 9 individuals and an intrinsic rate of growth (r) of 0.33 per year. Project the growth of this population over the next 10 years.

Exercise #2 Decrease r from 0.33 to 0.27 and repeat exercise 1. Include a graph showing the two population trajectories.

Exercise #3 Assume that the population in exercise #1 has discrete as opposed to continuous population growth with Î» = 1.40. Project the growth of this population over the next 20 years.

Exercise #4 If a continuously growing population contained 47 individuals in 2000 and 156 individuals in 2013, what is r?

Exercise #5 How many years would be required for a continuously growing population of 19 individuals with r = 0.15 to increase to a size of 500 individuals?

Exercise #6 What is the doubling time of a continuously growing population with an r = 0.007?

Exercise #7 What is the probability of extinction for a species of rare bird with an initial population size of 180, b = 1.41, d = 1.39. What if there were only 30 birds to start?

Exercise #8 Observations of an endemic salamander species in the Santa Cruz mountains have declined from 21 per transect in 1975 to 14 per transect in 2014. What is Î» for this discretely growing population?

Equations

t double = ln(2)/r

P(extinction) = (d/b)^N0

-------------------------------Please help out!!! Please do it on excel (upload it on excel) and have screenshots of it. Thank You!!!!!!-----------------------------

1. Ifan endangered species such as the Santa Ana River wooly star wereto become extinct, what effects might this have on otherspecies?

2. Whatdo J- and S- shaped population curves indicate about the life spanof an organism?

3. Doescompetitive exclusion limit the diversity within a givencommunity?

4. Whyare field studies, such as the monitoring of owls, important in thestudy of ecology?

5. Howdoes mutualism differ from commensalism?

6. Whateffect did the agricultural revolution have on the growth of thehuman population?

7. Whatdoes the demographic transition model say about the birth and deathrates?

8. Inyour opinion, is a zero population growth rate possible?

9. Whatcritical factors could affect the age structure diagram?

10. Do youbelieve that the human population can stabilize without widespreadstarvation, war or epidemics?

grayherring10

Prompt #3: Please provide very detailed information. Thank you.

Plants and animals do not operate independently of one another. In fact, it is how these organisms interact that often defines form and function. Ecology is the branch of biology that focuses on these species interactions with each other in the habitats that they live. In light of the many human-induced changes to the environment, it would be impossible to study ecology without accounting for anthropogenic effects. Assume you are an ecologist studying local flora and fauna in San Diego. Describe the effects of human development in a local habitat (e.g. coastal, desert, chaparral, grassland, wetland, etc.). How will continued global climate change effect species adapted to a specific environment? What conservation and management measures could be implemented to protect native species in San Diego?

BIOA02H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Exponential Growth, Logistic Function, Carrying Capacity

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