SOC209H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Suspended Sentence
Document Summary
Constitute the various sanctions and forms of supervision that occur within the community instead of in an institutional setting. More offenders are supervised in the community than in institutions: having an individual behind bars is expensive so having them on probation is preferable. Community corrections services are provided by a number of different agencies, depending on the jurisdiction. Historically, punishment has been community based and has sought to reinforce community norms. John augustus begun the practice of probation in the 1840s; by the 1920s, formal probation organizations existed in many states. During the mid-1800s, many became dissatisfied with the prison system and called for reform. Part of the reform effort led to increased use of indeterminate sentencing and the creation of parole, whereby inmates could earn early release from prison after demonstrating good conduct. In the past 25 years, there has been increased support for more punitive sanctions and a decrease in rehabilitative efforts.
