BIO 1140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Inner Membrane, Thymine, Pyruvic Acid

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cerisearmadillo828

26 Mar 2015

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Energy flow and the importance of energy 3. Atp - energy currency of the cell 4. I expect that you are familiar with the list of concepts that follows. If not, please review the relevant material in your notes or text: oxidation-reduction reactions (ch. 6. 1b: the basic structure of the mitochondrion and the endosymbiont theory (see topic 1, negative feedback and allosteric regulation of enzyme activity (ch. Energy flow and the importance of energy (cid:120) Cells then extract the energy in carbohydrates and transform it into atp (the energy currency of the cell) or extract the energy by means of coupling energy-yielding reactions to cellular processes that require energy. Synthesis of molecules/macromolecules e. g. movement in cell, cell movement: concentration work, electrical work, generation of heat, generation of bioluminescence e. g. active transport (ex. Transport of ions with generation of membrane potential. Photosynthesis transformation of light energy into chemical energy.

Related Questions

11. As energy flows through the food web in an ecosystem, the amount of energy that is transferred from one trophic level to the next trophic level increases. stays the same. decreases. may increase or decrease, depending upon the system.

12. Autotrophs are organisms that obtain energy by breaking down tissues of organisms that have died. harness external energy sources to produce complex chemical compounds. depend directly on primary producers for their energy and nutrients. eat other autotrophs to obtain energy.

13. Which of the following gives the correct order for energy flow through an ecosystem? primary producers â secondary producers â tertiary producers primary consumers â primary producers â secondary producers secondary consumers â primary consumers â primary producers primary producers â primary consumers â secondary consumers

14. Which one of the following aspects of plant biology is not directly involved in maintaining an adequate supply of water for the entire plant? phloem roots xylem transpiration pull

15. Which structure(s) do most plants use to acquire the energy that they need for cellular processes? the roots the leaves the stem

1. Compare and contrast ATP, NADPH, NADH, FADH2 and Acetyl CoA, four important energy carriers in the cell. Included in your discussion should be their structure, type of energy carried, and mechanism for energy transfer.

2. Recently, one of my introductory biology students told me that plants use photosynthesis to create ATP for use in cellular processes in the cell and did not use respiration. Discuss whether or not this is correct and justify your answer.

3. Insulin functions in the extracellular space by binding to receptors in the cellular membrane. Using what you know about disulfide bridges and conditions within the cell and in the extracellular space, discuss why insulin would not be able to work within the cell, even if a receptor was available.

Matching

TERM or CONCEPT	Definition/Association
1. microtubules	a. contain enzymes for intracellular digestion
2. chloroplasts	b. are primary cellular structures (or components) where proteins are assembled
3. Golgi bodies	c. package cellular secretions for export
4. DNA molecules	d. extract energy stored in carbohydrates; synthesize ATP; produce water and carbon dioxide
5. RNA molecules	e. synthesize subunits that will be assembled into two part ribosomes in the cytoplasm
6. central vacuoles	f. translate hereditary instructions into specific proteins
7. lysosomes	g. increase cell surface area; store substances
8. mitochondria	h. encode hereditary information
9. nucleoli	i. help distribute chromosomes to the new cells during cell division
10. ribosomes	j. convert light energy to chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose or starch
etc	etc

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BIO 1140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Inner Membrane, Thymine, Pyruvic Acid

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