PHRM 221 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Fluoride, Zinc Oxide, Carnitine
Document Summary
Dietary sources : citrus fruits, strawberries, red pepper, broccoli. Rda = 90 mg/day for adult men (125 mg/day for smokers) 75 mg/day for adult women (110 mg/day for smokers) Cofactor (electron donor) for 8 enzymes involved in collagen synthesis, carnitine production, neurotransmitter (noradrenaline) formation. Excretion : ascorbic and oxalic acids both excreted in urine. At doses 100 mg, begins to be excreted in urine. Overt symptoms only occur at vit c intake < 10 mg/day for many weeks. At greater risk : elderly, alcoholics, drug addicts, very poor diets. Symptoms : anorexia, weakness and fatigue, irritability (mild) progressing to red and swollen gums, loose teeth, anemia, hemorrhage (severe) Dietary surveys suggest 20-30% people have marginal intake. High doses (> 4 g/day) can lead to osmotic diarrhea and gi disturbances. Avoid high doses if have history of renal stones or pre-existing renal disease or failure (may be aggravated by excess oxalate production) No evidence of benefit in prevent of cvd.
