BISC 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Semiconservative Replication, Nitrogenous Base, Telomerase

58 views4 pages

ivorycrocodile554

24 Mar 2016

School

Simon Fraser University

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BISC 101

Professor

Tony Williams

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Cell cycle: cell growth (interphase) -> division of nucleus/geneic material (mitosis) -> division of cytoplasm (cytokinesis) Dna is replicated --> mitosis creates same geneic daughter cell, meiosis creates diferent daughter cells with half the geneic material. Mitosis = all geneic material/meiosis = half geneic material (reproducion) Cell has molecular checkpoints and is ightly regulated. [interphase] g1 (irst gap), s (dna synthesis), g2 (second gap) growth of cell. Some cells leave cell cycle and enter g0 (non-dividing) such as muscle cells. Chromosome: one dna molecule + histone proteins wrapping = nucleosomes. Genome = muliple chromosomes (total dna of cell) Sister chromains are replicated before mitosis and condensed at the start of mitosis (sister chromains are held together @centromere and by cohesin proteins) Kinetochore microtubules are atached to kinetochores on sister chromains. Mitoic spindle: microtubule structure with associated proteins (polymerizaion during mitosis) During anaphase: cohesin molecules break down and sister chromains separate.

Related Questions

Part A:

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes cell reproduction is similar in that it requires some kind of signal to proceed, DNA replication, careful separation of the DNA into two equal portions, and division of the cytoplasm. How is cell reproduction different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Select one:

a. In a eukaryotic organism, the signals for cell division are usually not related to the environment but to the function of the entire organism.

b. Eukaryotic cells constantly divide whenever environmental conditions are adequate and the cells are large enough.

c. The linear chromosomes in prokaryotes are constantly being updated.

d. Prokaryotic cell division requires cytokinesis before mitosis because of their small size.

e. The sexual phase of most prokaryotes (bacteria) is essential to the rapid cell division required for infection.

Part B:

What does the name Cyclin Dependent Kinase stand for?

Select one:

a. A protein important to the cell cycle that is dependent on DNA synthesis.

b. An enzyme that cuts DNA so that chromosomes can segregate.

c. An enzyme that phosphorylates other proteins using ATP only when the protein Cyclin is bound to the enzyme.

d. An enzyme that rolls along microtubules dragging a vesicle.

e. An enzyme that connects chromosomes to the spindle fiber.

Part C:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Mitosis can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase

b. Anaphase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Prophase/Telophase

c. Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase

d. Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase

e. Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase

Part D:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Interphase can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. S/G1/G2

b. G2/G1/S

c. G1/S/G2

d. G2/S/G1

e. G1/G2/S

amethystyak657

What function(s) does mitosis fulfill for multicellular organisms?

Match the phrase on the left with the part of the cell cycle on the right.

DNA replication is checked for accuracy