BIOL 228 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Neisseria, Kanamycin A, Escherichia Coli
22 Dec 2017
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Document Summary
Microbial genetics iii: mutations and microbial recombination (conjugation, transduction, transformation, transposition) Genes for mediating their own transfer between bacteria (tra genes) Genes which confer a phenotypic advantage to the host bacterial cell (resistance to antibiotic or ability to use a particular nutrient) Bacteriocin-encoding plasmids (bacteriocins: bacterial proteins that destroy other bacteria) Virulence plasmids (encode factors that make their hosts more pathogenic) Phage replicated by bacterial host immediately after entry. After # of replicated phages reaches a certain number cause host to lyse release of progeny virus particles. Virulent bacteriophages: phages using only lytic cycle: lysogenic cycle: Virus enters host and inserts genome into bacterial chromosome. Once inserted, viral genome is called a prophage. Phage genome is passively replicated with host genome. Temperate bacteriophages: phages capable of using either lytic or lysogenic cycle. Temperate bacteriophages can be induced to switch to lytic cycle under certain conditions (uv exposure, etc. : in lysogeny, virus integrates into bacterial chromosome.
