BIOS1171 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Posterior Grey Column, Allodynia, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
22 Aug 2018
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Pain: no adaptation, urgent quality, after-effects, poor localization, can be controlled, must be counteracted immediately as it progressively gets worse, pain does not arise from over-stimulation of low-threshold receptors; it has its own pathway. Receptor morphology: nociceptors are free nerve endings which cannot adapt, whereas mechanoreceptors & thermoreceptors have a layering of non-neural cells at the end which allow them to adapt. Adaptation slows down over time to adapt. Transduction: nociceptors contain membrane channels that open in response to heat & capsaicin (adequate stimuli to open channels wider for neuron depolarization, therefore, nociceptors are polymodal (more than one stimuli) Spinal pathways: dorsal column mechanoreceptor, spinothalamic tract thermoreceptor & nociceptor. Pain control: spinal, descending, spinal pain control: aka gate control, activity in low-threshold mechanoreceptors can inhibit nociceptive neurons. Inhibit signal from going from 1st 2nd order nociceptors: gate control theory: gate can be activated by natural stimulation, acupuncture &
