BIOS1170 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Tunica Intima, Tunica Externa, Chordae Tendineae

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Deliver oxygen, nutrients (for energy), hormones to cells. Arterial and venous system: (pulmonary and systemic circulations) Arteries are delivering deoxygenated blood to the heart. Arteries carry blood away from the heart. Artery usually smaller, thicker and stiffer than a vein, ability to recoil and stretch to accommodate blood, have a thicker layer of tunica media (smooth muscle) Vein larger, not as elastic, does not maintain shape or recoil. Both made up of same 3 layers (tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa) Elastic arteries closer to the heart (eg. aorta), stretch more, 25mm. Muscular arteries 0. 5mm in diameter (eg. subclavian) Arteriole (resistance vessels) half size of smallest artery, resistance vessel, lots of smooth muscle (large tunica media), adjust resistance to blood flow. Capillary exchange vessels, 1 layer of endothelial cells. Veins elastic and smooth muscle, contract and dilate, thin walls. Located centrally behind the sternum, surrounded by the pericardial sac.

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