PHYS30001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 32: Wky, Thrifty Phenotype, Skeletal Muscle
Document Summary
Rat uteroplacental insufficiency: surgery on day 18 of gestation in wky rats (term = 22 days) Decreased fetal nutrition leading to growth restriction of 10-15% mimics features of human intrauterine growth restriction in western society. Both m/f have -cell, nephron, cardiomyocyte deficit, but only m get glucose interolerance, skeletal muscle alterations, high bp, glomerular hypertrophy, vascular dyfunction in mesentery. Age is also a second hit: disease phenotype gets worse. Being m predisposes to greater risk than f. Multiple consequences on: cardiorenal system, metabolic system, reproductive system, post-natal growth, bone/osteoporosis, behaviour alterations. Benefit of improved early life nutrition and exercise: cross-fostering to give better milk allows organ maturation to prevent disease. In males, metabolic phenotype can be prevented with early life exercise. Prenatal and postnatal nutritional environments and subsequent growth profiles are critical in defining adult disease phenotype with sex-specific programming. Timing/degree of accelerated post-natal growth determines consequences for adult disease.
