ISYS111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Office Automation, Productivity Software, Expert System
17 Jun 2018
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(4) the network, which is the way that all the computers talk to one another
in the organisation (and outside of it);
(5) procedures —sometimes called protocols — which are the rules or
instructions on how all the other components work together to generate the
required information; and
(6) people; specifically, the individuals who provide the input and use the
output from the computer system.
c) What is an application program?
An application program performs a specific function in a computer system.
For instance, an organisation might use a payroll program to collect
information on all of its employees, keep track of changes in employment
status, and generate pay checks. Only one department accesses this
application program. Other specific application programs could be a set of
programs for the accounting department, programs that run machinery in a
production department, or application programs that provide information for
stockholders. Office productivity software such as word processors and
spreadsheets are also application programs.
Do you use any applications programs in your study/work? What are they?
d) Knowledge Workers
Knowledge workers are those employees who have specific knowledge about
a certain aspect of the organisation. Information systems that support these
workers need to be those application programs that provide information
specific to their area of expertise.
Why are knowledge workers important to an organisation?
e) Hierarchical structure in organisations
Information is needed in different formats and for different reasons as you
move up the organisation’s hierarchy.
The data and knowledge needed at the lowest levels of the hierarchy are used
for interacting directly with customers or suppliers (office automation
software).
Middle managers need more general information to allow them to make
decisions about sales data or inventory analysis.
Upper management needs systems like decision-support systems or expert
systems to make long-term decisions based on past data and to provide
information needed to forecast future trends for the organisation
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
An application program performs a specific function in a computer system. For instance, an organisation might use a payroll program to collect information on all of its employees, keep track of changes in employment status, and generate pay checks. Other specific application programs could be a set of programs for the accounting department, programs that run machinery in a production department, or application programs that provide information for stockholders. Office productivity software such as word processors and spreadsheets are also application programs. Knowledge workers are those employees who have specific knowledge about a certain aspect of the organisation. Information systems that support these workers need to be those application programs that provide information specific to their area of expertise. Why are knowledge workers important to an organisation: hierarchical structure in organisations. Information is needed in different formats and for different reasons as you move up the organisation"s hierarchy.
