BIOL 2100 Chapter 18: Study Notes

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9 Jan 2019
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In prokaryotes, bind to the dna in or near the promoter. In prokaryotes, bind in or near the promoter. Trp operon: function in anabolic pathways which synthesize essential end products from raw materials (precursors) Inducible usually off but can be stimulated (induced) to be on when a specific molecule interacts with a different regulatory protein: ex. Crp to the promoter directly stimulates gene expression. Rnas: some scientists think that this evolved as a mechanism for, some ncrnas also remodel chromatin structure, ex. Formation of heterochromatin at centromere (in yeast) a natural defense against viruses. In the s phase of cell cycle, centromeric regions of dna must be loosened for chromosomal replication then re-condensed into heterochromatin in preparation for mitosis. If a translocated proto-oncogene ends up next to an overly active promoter, its transcription can increase, causing an oncogene can arise: amplification of a proto-oncogene. Increases the number of copies of the proto-oncogene through repeated gene duplication.

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