BIOL 2100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Synapsis, Nuclear Membrane, Metaphase
10 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Heredity = transmission of traits from one generation to the next. Genetics = study of heredity and hereditary variation. Genes = hereditary units of coded units. Genes program the specific traits that develop. Inherited information is passed on through the gene"s specific sequence of dna nucleotides. Genes can program cells to produce enzymes and proteins that produce an organism"s trait. During fertilization the sperm and egg cells (gametes) unite passing on genetic information from the mother and father. Most of the dna in eukaryotes are packaged in chromosomes in the nucleus. Somatic cells = all the cells in the body except the gametes. Locus = a gene"s specific location along the length of a chromosome. Asexual reproduction = one organism dividing through mitotic division to create two genetically identical daughter cells. Genetic diversity only arises if dna mutations occur. Clone = a group of genetically identical individuals.
