PSYC 110 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Theory Of Multiple Intelligences, Stereotype Threat, Intelligence Quotient
Document Summary
Learn by what comes before the event/behavior. Operant conditioning- lea(cid:396)(cid:374)i(cid:374)g (cid:272)o(cid:374)t(cid:396)olled (cid:271)(cid:455) the (cid:272)o(cid:374)se(cid:395)ue(cid:374)(cid:272)es of the o(cid:396)ga(cid:374)is(cid:373)s" (cid:271)eha(cid:448)io(cid:396) Types of consequences: reinforcement is learned by what comes after the target behavior, positive reinforcement. Giving a kid chocolate when he cleans his room. E(cid:374)di(cid:374)g a (cid:272)hild"s ti(cid:373)eout (cid:449)he(cid:374) he stops (cid:449)hi(cid:374)i(cid:374)g. Hitting kid decreases bad behavior: negative punishment. Shaping by successive approximations- conditioning by progressively reinforcing behaviors that come closer to target behavior. Once phobic, people begin to avoid their feared stimulus, leading to decrease in anxiety, which negatively reinforces their fear (ptsd example) Step 2: distinguish positive and negative reinforcement and punishment. Intelligence- abstract reasoning, acquired knowledge, ability to adapt to novel environmental circumstances, and benefit from experience. You are born with a general amount of intelligence. (cid:862)g(cid:863) fa(cid:272)to(cid:396)- more g= more mental ene(cid:396)g(cid:455), o(cid:396) (cid:862)(cid:271)(cid:396)ai(cid:374) po(cid:449)e(cid:396)(cid:863) Fluid: flexible, find new ways to solve problems. You can be intelligent in one way, but not the other.
