NTR 306 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Esophagus, Pylorus, Gastric Acid

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Digestion the process by which food is broken down into absorbable units. Absorption the uptake of nutrients by the cells of the small intestine for transport into either the blood or the lymph. Gastrointestinal (gi) tract flexible muscular tube that extends from the mouth, through the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum to the anus. Inner space within the gi tract is called the lumen. Fluids help dissolve the food so the tongue can taste it: only particles in solution can react with taste buds. 4 basic taste sensations: sweet, sour, bitter, salty. Some scientists include the flavor associated with monosodium glutamate called savory. Aroma, appearance, texture and temp affect food flavor. A mouthful of food is swallowed pharynx [short tube share by the digestive system and the respiratory system: epiglottis closes off the airway so choking doesn"t occur. Bolus the substance a mouthful of food becomes after being chewed and swallowed.

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