C C 306M Chapter 4: Musculoskeletal System (lectures regarding Chapter 4)
7 Oct 2016
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Bone: g. osteon, l. os, ossis (n. ) The vertebral column: gr. rhachis backbone; ridge, l. spina thorn; backbone, spina bi da spine is split in two, c1-c7, t1-t12, l1-l5, 5 bones in the sacrum, 3-4 bones in the coccyx. Ligaments: gr. desmos band, ligament, bond, l. ligare, ligatum to bind or tie. Cartilage: l. cartilago, cartilaginis (f. ) gristle, cartilage, gr. chondros cartilage. Ancient theories of the motion of muscles: brain, pneuma, nerves, and muscles (galen, 2nd century a. d. , pneuma breath, soul, balloonist theory (descartes, 16th century a. d. , pneuma collects in the muscle and balloons the muscle, causing it to contract. Muscle: gr. mys, myos, l. musculus, -i. Sarcomere and sacrolemma: gr. meros part (partial, incomplete, gr. lemma husk (membrane) Rhabdomyoma vs. leiomyosarcoma: -oma tumor (not necessarily cancerous, sarcoma cancerous tumor, gr. leios smooth, gr. rhabdos striated, rod-shaped. Hippocrates, de fracturis: l. frangere, fractum, frag- break. Prosthesis vs. orthosis: prosthesis arti cial limb, orthosis brace, thing that corrects.
