CRIM 335 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Mens Rea, Cesare Beccaria
31 May 2017
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Document Summary
Age of enlightenment: 17th and 18th centuries (life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness) Deterrence theory: the natural capabilities of human beings to make decisions based on expected costs and benefits. No longer religious theories, leaving moral ideas and pursuing humanistic ideals. Weighs out personal costs and pleasures = individuals make their own decisions. The basic framework that all individuals are in constant state of warfare with other individuals. Citizens create their own rules in society, govern themselves. Social contract: the arrangement of citizens promising to abide by the rules or laws set forth by a given society in return for protection. Father of criminal justice and the father of the classical school of criminology. Utilitarianism: the ideal is the greatest happiness shared by the greatest number. He sought to rid the justice system of arbitrary acts on the part of individual judges (steal a loaf of bread = life in prison, death)
