BIOLOGY 152 Chapter Notes - Chapter 21: Population Genetics, Random Effects Model, Genetic Drift
24 Jan 2016
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Document Summary
Phenotype is an observable trait affected by two things: Population genetics: study of patterns of genetic variation within species. Humans have lower genetic variations than other species. Species: individuals that can exchange genetic materials by interbreeding. Gene pool:all the alleles present in all individuals of a species. Populations:interbreeding groups of organisms of the same species living in the same geographical area. Somatic: occurring in body"s tissues, affects only individual. Germ-line: occurring in reproductive cells and passed on. Recombination: shuffles mutations to create new combinations of mutation. Deleterious: random changes to a part of an organized system are dangerous. Neutral: have no effect on organism, occur in regions that are not functionally important. Advantageous:improve the carriers" chances of survival or reproduction. Adaptation: advantageous mutations being carried out, increase in frequency until they affect every member of the species, who end up being adapted to the environment (better able to survive and reproduce) Evolution: change in allele or genotype frequency over time.
