BIOLOGY 172 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11.1, 11.2, 11.4: Tubulin, Spindle Apparatus, Actomyosin Ring

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25 Mar 2017

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Reading #29- 11. 1, 11. 2, 11. 4: cell cycle regulation. Cell division is the process by which cells make more cells. Requirements: 2 daughter cells must receive full complement of dna from single parent, parent cell must be large enough to divide and still have enough cytoplasmic components to contribute to daughter cells. Duplication of material is achieved in a series of steps that constitutes the life cycle of every cell. Binary fission is the process by which cells of bacteria or archaeons divide. Mitosis is the division of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are separated into two nuclei. Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells that results in two separate cells. Cell cycle is the collective name for the steps that make up eukaryotic cell division: m phase consists of mitosis and cytokinesis. Interphase is the time in between two m phases: when cells make many preparations for division, replication of dna.

Related Questions

1- Most of a cell's life is spend in this phase of the cell cycle:

--------------------

2- The cell cycle is a highly regulated process.

True

False

3- Cells replicate their DNA during ________________ phase.

4- In animal cells, ________________________ is the indentation of the cell's surface that marks cytokinesis, the final splitting of the membrane, in the process of cell division.

cleavage furrow

binary fission

cell plate

sister chromatids

5- Somatic ("body") cells are _______________ (2n). This means there are two copies of each chromosome.

6- During the _______ phase(s) cells perform their everyday functions.

7- When chromosomes are duplicated the two strands are called _______________________________ and they are linked together at a point called the ____________________.

sister strands; kinetochore

sister chromatids; centromere

dual chromatids; centromere

genes; chromatid

8- New somatic âbodyâ cells are formed by this process:

meiosis

binary fission

replication

mitosis

9- The cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.

10- Cells replicate their DNA during ________________ phase.

pucecat917

Part A:

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes cell reproduction is similar in that it requires some kind of signal to proceed, DNA replication, careful separation of the DNA into two equal portions, and division of the cytoplasm. How is cell reproduction different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Select one:

a. In a eukaryotic organism, the signals for cell division are usually not related to the environment but to the function of the entire organism.

b. Eukaryotic cells constantly divide whenever environmental conditions are adequate and the cells are large enough.

c. The linear chromosomes in prokaryotes are constantly being updated.

d. Prokaryotic cell division requires cytokinesis before mitosis because of their small size.

e. The sexual phase of most prokaryotes (bacteria) is essential to the rapid cell division required for infection.

Part B:

What does the name Cyclin Dependent Kinase stand for?

Select one:

a. A protein important to the cell cycle that is dependent on DNA synthesis.

b. An enzyme that cuts DNA so that chromosomes can segregate.

c. An enzyme that phosphorylates other proteins using ATP only when the protein Cyclin is bound to the enzyme.

d. An enzyme that rolls along microtubules dragging a vesicle.

e. An enzyme that connects chromosomes to the spindle fiber.

Part C:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Mitosis can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase

b. Anaphase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Prophase/Telophase

c. Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase

d. Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase

e. Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase

Part D:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Interphase can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. S/G1/G2

b. G2/G1/S

c. G1/S/G2

d. G2/S/G1

e. G1/G2/S

amethystyak657

Carefully read the following statements about cell division (1) After meiosis, the number of chromosomes in the newly formed cell is the same as that in the parent cell. Whereas, in mitosis, the chromosome number in daughter cell is reduced to half. (2) Cytokinesis is a highly regulated event in which cellular organelles are evenly distributed forming two daughter cells. (3) In Meiosis, DNA replication occurs only once whereas the cells divide twice and it is the mechanism that produces genetic variation in daughter cells. (4) In diplotene, chiasmata are formed between homologous chromosomes followed by crossing over and segregation of sister chromatids. (5)The kinetochore is a DNA protein complex which serves as the attachment point for spindle fibers. Which of the above statement or combination of statements is correct?

BIOLOGY 172 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11.1, 11.2, 11.4: Tubulin, Spindle Apparatus, Actomyosin Ring

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