BIOL 261 Chapter : Chapter 10 Class Notes Genetics And Bacteria
15 Mar 2019
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Genotype v. phenotype: genotype: sequence of nucleotide ( gene , phenotype: expression of gene. Determine if mutation occurred for bacteria: must screen or select for mutation, antibiotic resistance. Induced mutations: those made environmentally or deliberately: can result from exposure to natural radiation or oxygen radicals, spontaneous mutations: those that occur without external intervention, point mutations: mutations that change only one base pair. 2: genetic engineering allows for the introduction of specific mutations (site-directed mutagenesis) Don"t want it to touch your skin because it can cause cancer: chemical mutagens: induce chemical modifications, radiation. Ionizing: gamma rays, x-rays, cosmic rays: break in dna mutation, more deadly, free radicals damage macromolecules in the cell, non ionizing: uv light, thymine dimers (t-t, cells can repair small amounts of damage. Sos system = form of repair in bacteria: this system is more error prone, allows replication to proceed and cell to replicate, but errors are more likely.
