SPA 3101 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Vascular Disease, Indirect Agonist, Lacunar Stroke

• School: University of Florida
• Department: Speech Pathology & Audiology
• Course: SPA 3101
• Professor: Humbert

Document Summary

Indirect motor system: regulating reflexes, maintain posture, tone, provide framework for skilled movements. Increased muscle tone: spasticity, hyperexcitability, colnus, repetitive reflex contraction that occurs when a muscle is kept under tension (stretch, may look like rhythmic tremor, spastic paralysis, decreased skilled movement and weakness from direct activation pathway. Increased muscle tone and spasticity from indirect activation pathway. Etiologies: any process that damages the direct or indirect pathway bilaterally, predominant causes, degenerative, vascular, traumatic, vascular are most common / associated. Degenerative disease: pls primary lateral sclerosis, subcategory of als, corticospinal & corticobulbar tracts loss & motor cortex, no evidence of lmn, pls is presumably spastic only. Inflammatory demyelinating disease: affects white matter of the brain or spinal cord, bilateral and multifocal effects of this white matter disease impacts umn. Congenital disorders: cerebral palsy cp, congenital suprabulbar palsy, group of abnormal umn, affecting bulbar muscles.