EDUC681 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Reinforcement
12 Nov 2020
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Chapter 8 (pp 185-212): arranging consequences that increase behavior. Positive reinforcement - contingent presentation of a consequence that increases behavior. The reinforcing stimulus will be presented to the student contingent on the production of the requested behavior. Negative reinforcement - contingent removal of an unpleasant stimulus that increases behavior. Natural - items/events ordinarily in a given environment. Contrived - items/events temporarily added to environment for increased consequence intensity. Reinforcer sampling - reinforcers are unique to students. Choice or forced choice presentation (presented in pairs) Multiple stimulus presentation (all items shown simultaneously) Reinforcers should only be given after the student performs the target behavior. Should be given immediately following target behavior. Primary reinforcers stimuli that have biological importance to an individual; innately motivating; natural, unlearned, unconditioned; food, sleep, liquids, etc. Student must be in a state of deprivation. Satiation - when deprivation state that existed at the beginning of an instructional session no longer exists; cooperation and attention decreased.
