ANTH 1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Gene Pool, Point Mutation, Genotype Frequency
Document Summary
Deme: a local population of organisms that have similar genes, interbreed, and produce offspring. Gene pool: all the genetic information in the breeding population. Reproductive isolation: any circumstance that prevents two populations from interbreeding. Example: ostriches and emus are separated by the ocean which led to reproductive isolation. Microevolution: small-scale evolution (over a few generations) Equilibrium: a condition where the system is balanced and unchanged, alleles for a particular trait do not change. Hardy-weinberg law of equilibrium: law that reflects the relationship between frequencies of alleles and of genotypes. Law of equilibrium is used to determine whether a population is undergoing evolutionary change. Able to predict the genotype frequencies of future generations of a certain species. Dna replicates itself exactly but sometimes there"s an error. Mutations are the only possibility of variation in a population. Point mutations: replacements of a single nitrogen base with another base.
