CHEM 14A Chapter Notes - Chapter 2F.1: Triple Bond, Sigma Bond, Unpaired Electron

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turquoisemoose666

3 Dec 2020

School

UCLA

Department

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Course

CHEM 14A

Professor

Dr.Laurence Lavelle

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Document Summary

Valence-bond theory (vb theory): the description of covalent bonding in terms of atomic bonding. Takes the wave nature of electrons into account. Valence-bond theory adopts the view that, as two h atoms come together, their 1s-electrons pair and two atomic orbitals merge together. Sigma-bond: cylindrically symmetrical with no nodal planes containing the internuclear axis. Overlap of orbitals: the merging of the two atomic orbitals. The greater the extent of orbital overlap, the stronger is the bond. There"s a single electron in each of the 2p-orbitals on each atom. However, only one of the three orbitals on each atom can overlap end-to-end to form a sigma bond. Two of the 2p-orbitals on each atom are perpendicular to the internuclear axis, each containing an unpaired electron. Pi bond: a single nodal plane containing the internuclear axis. Double bond: sigma bond and one pi bond. Triple bond: 1 sigma bond and two pi bonds.

Related Questions

Which bonding theory assumes that no bonding line pairs reside on a single atom

What does the following figure represent?

Use valence bond theory to describe the bonding and geometry in theSeF4 molecule.

A. The central atom is Se, which has five electron groups around it(four bonding pairs and one nonbonding/lone pair). Theelectron-group geometry is trigonal bipyramidal (and the moleculargeometry is see-saw). To facilitate this geometry, the Se atom'sorbitals are hybridized as sp3d orbitals. Four of these hybridorbitals contain one of Se's 6 valence electrons each, and thesehybrid orbitals overlap with unhybridized p orbitals of the four Fatoms. The fifth hybrid orbital of Se contains a lone pair ofelectrons. There are 4 sigma bonds and 0 pi bonds in thismolecule.
B. The central atom is Se, which has six electron groups around it.The electron-group geometry is octahedral. To facilitate thisgeometry, the Se atom's orbitals are hybridized as sp3d2 orbitals.Four of these hybrid orbitals contain one of Se's 6 valenceelectrons each, and these hybrid orbitals overlap with unhybridizedp orbitals of the four F atoms. The fifth and sixth hybrid orbitalsof Se contain lone pairs of electrons. There are 4 sigma bonds and0 pi bonds in this molecule.
C. The central atom is Se, which has four electron groups aroundit. The electron-group geometry is tetrahedral. To facilitate thisgeometry, the Se atom's orbitals are hybridized as sp3 orbitals.These hybrid orbitals overlap with unhybridized p orbitals of thefour F atoms. There are 4 sigma bonds and 0 pi bonds in thismolecule.
D. The central atom is Se, which has four electron groups aroundit, two single bonds and two double bonds. The electron-groupgeometry is tetrahedral. To facilitate this geometry, the Se atom'sorbitals are hybridized as sp3 orbitals. These hybrid orbitalscontain one electron each of Se's 6 valence electrons, and thesehybrid orbitals overlap with unhybridized p orbitals of the four Fatoms. The final 2 electrons of Se's 6 valence electrons reside inunhybridized p orbitals, which overlap with unhybridized p orbitalsof the F atoms. There are 4 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds in thismolecule.

CHEM 14A Chapter Notes - Chapter 2F.1: Triple Bond, Sigma Bond, Unpaired Electron

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