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CHM 1020 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Main-Group Element, Noble Gas, Chemical Formula

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School
UCF
Department
Chemistry
Course
CHM 1020
Professor
Matthew Rex

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Document Summary

Nucleus - small region that contains almost all the mass of an atom. Proton - positively charged particles found within the center of the atom. Neutron - uncharged dense particle located in the center of the atom. Oxygen typically has an oxidation number of -2. H has an oxidation number of +1 when bonded to other nonmetals. When bonded to other atoms, f always has an oxidation number of -1. Mg will form the monatomic ion mg2+ with a charge and oxidation number of +2. Oxidation charge - reflects the charge the element would have if all bonds were ionic. Is determined by the way it is bonded. Reflects the way electrons are transferred during a reaction. Reflects its charge if it is present as an ion. The oxidation number of a free element is always 0. The oxidation number of a monatomic ion equals the charge of the ion.

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Related Questions


Predict the charge that an aluminum ion would have.

Terms in this set (26)

example of the law of multiple proportions
Two different compounds formed from carbon and oxygen have the following mass ratios:

1.33 g O: 1 g C and 2.66 g O: 1 g C.
 
2) Which of the following statements is FALSE according to Dalton's Atomic Theory?

A) Atoms combine in simple whole number ratios to form compounds.

B) All atoms of chlorine have identical properties that distinguish them from other elements.

C) One carbon atom will combine with one oxygen atom to form a molecule of carbon monoxide.

D) Atoms of sodium do not change into another element during chemical reaction with chlorine.

E) An atom of nitrogen can be broken down into smaller particles that will still have the unique properties of nitrogen.
E
 
 
The mass number is equal to
the sum of the number of protons and neutrons
 
a subatomic particle is
A neutral atom contains the same number of protons and electrons
 
true statement about isotopes
Some elements have 3 or more naturally occurring isotopes
 
Identify a cation
An atom that has lost an electron
 
What species is represented by the following information?



p+ = 12 n° = 14 e- = 10
Mg2+
 
What species is represented by the following information?



p+ = 47 n° = 62 e- = 46
Ag+
 
What species is represented by the following information?



p+ = 17 n° = 18 e- = 18
Cl-
 
Predict the charge that an aluminum ion would have
3+
 
Predict the charge that a calcium ion would have
2+
 
Predict the charge that an ion formed from sulfur would have
2-
 
 
Predic

Answer to the following short questions:

1. What is the percentage of chlorine present in ?

2. What is the volume in of of oil if its density is ?

3. Find the error(s) and rewrite the text in the correct form.

“According to the Dalton model for the atomic structure, the atomic structure is composed of a nucleus in the center and electrons orbiting around it. The Nucleus has always the same number of protons and neutrons and they are located in the Nucleus. The nucleus carries almost the whole of the mass of the atom. The nucleus is positively charged and the electron is negatively charged. Anions are obtained when electrons are lost. Anions and Cations form salts via ionic bonding. Salts are always soluble in water. All Covalent compounds (molecules) are not soluble in water”.

4. What is the oxidation number of the Sulphur atom in ?

5. The following equation describes the burning of hexane in oxygen: How many moles of water would be produced if of hexane was burnt in excess oxygen?