CHEM H2B Chapter 12: Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces
Document Summary
Textbook: chemistry structure and properties by nivaldo j. tro. Iii: intermolecular forces: attractive forces that exist between all molecules and atoms. 12. 2 solids, liquids, and gases: a molecular comparison: solids may be: Crystalline: atoms or molecules that compose them are arranged in a well-ordered 3-d array. Amorphous: the atoms or molecules that compose them have no long-range order: changes between states. States of matter may be transformed to another by changing the temperature, pressure, or both (pg. Bonding forces: result of large charges interacting at very close distances. Intermolecular forces: result of smaller charges interacting at greater distances: dispersion force, dispersion force (aka london force): result of fluctuations in the electron distribution within molecules or atoms, present in all molecules & atoms. Typical hydrogen bond is only 2-5% as strong as a typical covalent chemical bond. Strongest of the intermolecular forces that can occur in pure substances: ion-dipole force.
