BY 108 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Reginald Punnett, Pleiotropy, Mendelian Inheritance
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Mendel"s model of heredity - 5 main assumptions. Parents don"t transmit traits directly to offspring information about traits (factors) get passed down factors encode how an individual expresses those traits. 2 factors for each trait factors carried on chromosomes. Gametes (haploid) each carry a factor for each trait. Random chance determines which factor goes into each gamete. Not all copies of factors are the same. Alleles - alternative forms of a trait. Homozygous - having the same 2 alleles for a certain trait. Heterozygous - having different alleles for a certain trait. Gene - factors that determine traits locus - location of a gene on a chromosome. Alleles don"t influence/change each other inread invented by teads. Alleles stay the same, don"t blend w/ others. An allele doesn"t guarantee that the trait will be expressed. Genotype - all the alleles that the individual contains. Phenotype - physical appearance/expression of those alleles. Punnet square - invented by reginald crundall punnett.