HUN 2201 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Synovial Fluid, Fluid Compartments, Adipose Tissue

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1 Dec 2018

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50-70% of our body weight is fluid. Of body fluid is stored in cells. Of body fluid is not stored in cells. Ex. cerebrospinal fluid, mucus, synovial fluid between joints. Some tissues have more fluid than others. Sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium. Necessary for a majority of chemical reactions within the body. Solutes are transported via blood which is partly water. Lipids attach to water soluble proteins for transport. Fluids help maintain a stable body temperature fluid. Ex. cerebrospinal fluid, amniotic fluid, synovial fluid, tears, saliva, pleural. Cell membranes are not permeable to electrolytes. Osmosis - fluids seek balance on both sides of membrane. Stay where they are unless active transport occurs. Excess diarrhea and vomiting can cause fluid loss to the point of. Lose more water than electrolytes, causing an imbalance hospitalization. Influx of sodium into the nerve cell is what causes depolarization. Release of potassium from the nerve cell is what causes repolarization.

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For additional student resources, please visil accurate electrolyte results if a grossly lipemic is used? a. Direct ISE b. Indirect ISE c. Flame emission photometry d. Atomic absorption 8. Which method of analysis will provide the sample questions 1. What is the major intracellular cation? a. Potassium b. Calcium d. Sodium 2. What is the major extracellular 9. The most frequent cause of hypermagnesemia is due to a. Renal failure b. Increased intake of magnesium c. Hypoaldosteronism d. Acidosis Sodium b. Chloride d. Calcium 3. Osmolality can be defined as a measure of the concentration of a solution based on the a. Number of dissolved particles b. Number of ionic particles present c. Number and size of the dissolved particles d. Density of the dissolved particles 1Ã³. A hemolyzed sample will cause falsely increased leves of each of the following EXCEPT a. Sodium b. Potassium c. Phosphate d. Magnesium 4. Hyponatremia may be caused by each of the following EXCEPT 11. The largest portion of total body water is found in which tissue? a. Intracellular fluid b. Extracellular fluid c. Intravascular extracellular fluicd d. Interstitial cell fluid e. Plasma b. Aldosterone deficiency c. Prolonged vomiting or diarrhea d. Acute or chronic renal failure 5. Hypokalemia may be caused by each of the following a. Acidosis b. Prolonged vomiting or diarrhe c. Hypomagnesemia d. Hyperaldosteronism 12. Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus are key ,a 1%to2% shift in osmolality causes a circulating concentration of AVP a. Twofold b. Fourfold c. Eightfold d. Tenfold 6. Hyperkalemia may be caused by each of the following EXCEPT a. Alkalosis b. Acute or chronic renal failure c. Hypoaldostcronism d. Sample hemolysis 7. The main difference between a direct and indirect ISE is a. Sample is daluted in the indirect method, not in the 13. The quantitative relationship between to blood osmolality and the normal expec direct method b. The type of membrane that is used c. Direct ISE by AVP is best described as a(n): a. Indirect relationship b. Direct relationship c. Logarithmic relationship d. There is no quantitative relat s use a teference electrode, whereas indirect ISEs do not d. Whole blood samples can be measured with the direct method and not with the indirect method

HUN 2201 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Synovial Fluid, Fluid Compartments, Adipose Tissue

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