MCB 181R Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Parsing, Cistron, Operon

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roseraccoon414

6 Sep 2016

School

University of Arizona

Department

Molecular & Cellular Biology

Course

MCB 181R

Professor

Mark Beilstein

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Document Summary

Most things that happen in life require proteins. General structure of amino acids: central carbon atom (alpha carbon) connects to four different chemical groups, nh2 group (amino group, carboxyl group (cooh, side chain or r group. This group determines identity and function of the amino acid. Sequence of amino acids dictates protein folding, which determines function: four different levels of protein structure, primary structure: the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Serine= ser: secondary structure: interactions between stretches of amino acids. Hydrogen bonding causes this: tertiary structure: the overall 3-d shape of the polypeptide. Determines function: quaternary structure: several individual polypeptides interacting with each other. Denaturation: when a chemical treatment or high temperature disrupts the hydrogen and ionic bonds holding the tertiary structure together; protein loses function. Many proteins can be completely functional as single polypeptides, but some need to have interactions with other protein chains in order to function.

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