CHM 201 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Parent Structure, Substituent, Cycloalkane
14 Nov 2017
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Document Summary
Introduction to alkanes: alkanes or saturated hydrocarbons: hydrocarbons (compounds made of c and h) that have no pi bonds, nomenclature: system of naming chemical compounds. Nomenclature of alkanes: an introduction to iupac nomenclature, systematic names: names produced by iupac rules, selecting the parent chain, parent chain: the longest chain. Sources and uses of alkanes: main source is petroleum, uses, kerosene, gas, plastics, pharmaceuticals. Drawing newman projections: conformations: possible three-dimensional shapes of a compound caused by the rotation of the c c single bonds, some are higher in energy, newman projection: drawing used to compare conformations. Conformational analysis of butane: three highest energy are eclipsed conformations and three lowest energy are staggered conformations, three highest conformations are not degenerate. Conformations of cyclohexane: chair conformation, no torsional strain, boat conformation, two sources of torsional strain, flagpole interactions, alleviates strain by twisting, bond angles are close to 109. 5 in both, so possess little angle strain.
