BIOL 4376 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Beta-Lactamase, Antimicrobial Resistance, Ampicillin
22 Jun 2020
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Pneumonia is resistant to ampicillin, produced beta lactamase that kills ampicillin activity. Other bac acquire antibiotic resistance: developed through mutation or transfer of genetic material. Mutations can occur through mutation or more commonly the transfer of genetic material b/c bac are promiscuous. 80% of all antibiotics go to animals in u. s. Previously susceptible bac go through mutations susceptible bac can acquire a new resistance determinant from swapping genetic info with resistant bac. Usually done through plasmid exchange spontaneous mutation is the exception. Transposons transmissible through conjugation w plasmid or alone. Phage transfer copy pieces of bac dna to new organism. Naked gene transfer bacteria pick up resistance genes from dead bacteria. Bac do not usually become resistant during therapy, but resistance can be selected for or induced during therapy. > once resistant strains of bacteria are present in a population, exposure to antimicrobial drugs favors their survival.
