BIOL 2112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 25: Osmoregulation, Osmosis, Dialysis
4 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
1.Explain how emperor penguins are able to incubate eggs during Antarctic
winters.
Emperor penguins have homeostasis that keeps their internal temperature
and water levels within optimal range.
2.Describe four ways that heat is gained or lost by an animal.
Conduction- transfer of heat by direct contact
Radiation- the emission of electromagnetic waves that can transfer heat
between entities not in direct contact
Convection- transfer of heat by movement of air or liquid past a surface
Evaporation- the loss of heat from the surface of a liquid that is losing some
of its molecules as a gas
3.Describe five categories of adaptations that help animals thermoregulate.
1. Metabolic Heat Production- when cells perform cellular respiration,
chemical energy is converted to ATP, energy the cell can use to perform
work, and heat is produced
2. Insulation- A major thermoregulatory adaptation in mammals and birds is
insulation: hair (or fur), feathers, and fat.
3. Circulatory Adaptations: Dilated surface blood vessels increase the rate of
heat loss. Constricted blood vessels maintain heat
a. in countercurrent heat exchange, warm and cold blood flow in
opposite (countercurrent) directions in two adjacent blood vessels
4. Evaporative Cooling
a. evaporative cooling occurs when water absorbs heat from the body
surface
b. as the water evaporates, the vapor it produces takes large amounts of
body heat away.
5. Behavioral Responses
a. all animals control body temperature by adjusting their behavior in response
to the environment
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
