BIOL 1111 Chapter Notes - Chapter 26: Phylogenetic Tree, Phylocode, Silverfish
14 Feb 2016
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Biologist use genetic trees to distinguish the millions of species on earth. Even when some species my look like they may be very different, this is all due to ancestry. We can categorize species by comparing their characteristics and with close relatives. Ex: the legless scaly-foot lizard look a lot like a snake but up close many differences can be seen. Phylogeny: evolutionary history of a species or group of species. Systematics: a study of classifying organisms and determining their evolutionary relationships. Data is collected from anything like fossils to molecules and genes to figure these relationships out through lineage trees. Closely related species often share many genes, metabolic pathways, and structural proteins. Some common names can be used for multiple species and be confusing. Ex: jellyfish, crayfish, and silverfish all being called fish . To avoid confusion latin scientific names are given to organisms. Binomial: two-part format of scientific name created in 18th century by carolus.
