PHY 120 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Calcite, Basalt, Refraction
Document Summary
Minerals: a naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid, with a narrowly defined chemical composition, and characteristic physical properties *oxygen and silicon are by far the most common* Silicate: minerals that contain silicacontain about 1/3 of all known minerals and 90% of earth"s crust. Carbonate minerals contain the negatively charged carbonate radical and includes calcium corbonate calcite is the most common aragonite unstable and commonly changes to calcite dolomite forms by the chemical alteration of caldite by adding magnesium. Groups oxides an element combines with oxygen halides hydroxides native elements phosphates sulfates gypsum is the most common sulfidse argentite is a silver sulfide. Ferromagnesium silicates contain iron (fe) or magnesium (mg) commonly dark and dense. Nonferromagnesium silicates no iron or magnesium light color and less dense includes felspars (potassium&plagioclase) Matter anything that has mass and occupies space states: (1) plasma (2) liquids (3) gases (4) solids.
