CHEM 227 Chapter 12: Chapter 11 Book Notes
31 Jul 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Nucleophilic substitution reactions: the substitution of one nucleophile (cl- or oh-) Kinetics refers to the rate of the reaction. 2nd order reaction is bimolecular and the kinetics are therefore dependent on the concentration of two reactants. Reaction rate = rate of disappearance of reactant (sn2 reaction- substitution, nucleophilic, bimolecular) Take places in a single step without intermediates when the incoming nucleophile reacts with the alkyl halide or tosylate from a direction opposite the group that is displaced (leaving group) Rate of reaction is determined by the activation energy. A higher reactant energy level corresponds to a faster reaction (smaller activation energy) A higher transition state energy level corresponds to a slower reaction. As a substituent leaves in an sn2 reaction, the side it"s leaving from is slightly hindered so it"s most likely that the incoming substituent comes from the opposite side.
