CHEM 101 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Valence Bond Theory, Pauli Exclusion Principle, Steric Number

• School: Texas A&M University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM 101
• Professor: Daniel P Collins

Document Summary

Valence bond theory: covalent bonds form when orbitals of 2 atoms overlap: overlap region must contain a pair of electrons, overlap comes from math wave function being in phase, bonds are formed by overlap. How to determine hybridization: lewis structure, determine steric number, s always has 1, p has max of 3, d has max of 5 (just as the orbitals normally do) E. x steric number =4 sp3 (1 + 3 = 4) Mode: orientation of how the hybrid orbitals overlap with each other or orbitals of bonded atoms (can either be end-to-end or side-by-side) Sigma bond: bond formed by end-to-end overlap: strong, has its highest electron density located along the bond axis, does not restrict rotation! If the bond angle is close to 90 degrees, it does not hybridize! But assume all do hybridize unless the data says else wise! Mo theory: the number of molecular orbitals come from same number of atomic orbitals.