NSD 225 Chapter 4: Nutrition Reading Notes – Carbohydrates
13 Sep 2018
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Nutrition chapter 4 reading notes carbohydrates, sugars, starches and fibers. What are carbohydrates and why do you need them? supply fuel usually glucose. Carbs are the most desirable source of energy for your body. Photosynthesis: when plants form glucose chlorophyll: helps absorb energy from sun to plants two categories of carbs: simple carbs monosaccharides and disaccharides, complex carbs polysaccharides. Simple carbohydrates contain one or two sugar units fructose: sweetest of the simple sugars found in fruit. Consists of long chains of monosaccharides linked together. Starch, fiber and glycogen are the 3 groups of polysaccharides: starch: straight chains of glucose amylose. Insoluble fiber: does not dissolve in water cellulouse, hemicellulose, lignins: solubility affects how quickly it moves through the gi, glycogen: the storage form of glucose found in liver and muscle cells. You digest carbs in your mouth and intestines. Amylase breaks down starch beginning in the mouth. All disaccharides are absorbed in small intestine.
