SOC 105 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Neoliberalism, World-Systems Theory

• School: Stony Brook University
• Department: Sociology
• Course: SOC 105
• Professor: Nicholas Wilson

Document Summary

High i(cid:374)(cid:272)o(cid:373)e cou(cid:374)t(cid:396)ies: i(cid:374)dust(cid:396)ialized fi(cid:396)st (cid:894)18% of the (cid:449)o(cid:396)ld"s populatio(cid:374) (cid:271)ut (cid:272)o(cid:373)(cid:373)a(cid:374)ded 68% of the (cid:449)o(cid:396)ld"s total i(cid:374)(cid:272)o(cid:373)e(cid:895) Middle income countries: east/southeast asia (some in middle east, north africa); industrialized relatively late, neither as developed nor wealthy as high income; 70% of the (cid:449)o(cid:396)ld"s populatio(cid:374) (cid:271)ut 31% of output p(cid:396)odu(cid:272)ed. Low income countries: eastern/western/sub-saha(cid:396)a(cid:374) af(cid:396)i(cid:272)a; no(cid:396)th ko(cid:396)ea, haiti . Mostly agricultural economy and are just beginning to industrialize; 12% of world"s populatio(cid:374) Market-o(cid:396)ie(cid:374)ted: (cid:862)assu(cid:396)es that the (cid:271)est possi(cid:271)le e(cid:272)o(cid:374)o(cid:373)i(cid:272) (cid:272)o(cid:374)se(cid:395)ue(cid:374)(cid:272)es (cid:449)ill (cid:396)esult if individuals are free to make their own economic decisions, uninhibited by governmental (cid:272)o(cid:374)st(cid:396)ai(cid:374)t(cid:863) Mode(cid:396)(cid:374)izatio(cid:374): (cid:862)(cid:448)e(cid:396)sio(cid:374) of (cid:373)a(cid:396)ket-orientated theory that argues low-income societies develop economically only if they give up traditional ways and adopt modern economic institutions, te(cid:272)h(cid:374)ology, a(cid:374)d (cid:272)ultu(cid:396)al (cid:448)alues that e(cid:373)phasizes sa(cid:448)i(cid:374)gs/p(cid:396)odu(cid:272)ti(cid:448)e i(cid:374)(cid:448)est(cid:373)e(cid:374)t(cid:863) Neoli(cid:271)e(cid:396)alis(cid:373): (cid:862)f(cid:396)ee-market forces, achieved by minimizing government restrictions on (cid:271)usi(cid:374)ess, p(cid:396)o(cid:448)ide the o(cid:374)ly (cid:396)oute to e(cid:272)o(cid:374)o(cid:373)i(cid:272) g(cid:396)o(cid:449)th(cid:863)