CHEM 100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Reaction Rate, Equilibrium Constant, Reversible Reaction
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Reactants the concentrations of the starting components. Products those of the emerging chemical species. Rate the speed with which theses changes take place. Chemical kinetics the study of the factors affecting the rates of chemical reactions. Reaction rate the change in the number of moles of a reactant or a product per unit time: (cid:1853)(cid:1857) = (cid:4666)(cid:3040)(cid:3042)(cid:3039)(cid:3032)(cid:3046) (cid:3042)(cid:3033) (cid:3043)(cid:3045)(cid:3042)(cid:3031)(cid:3048)(cid:3030)(cid:3047) (cid:3028)(cid:3043)(cid:3043)(cid:3032)(cid:3028)(cid:3045)(cid:3041)(cid:3034) (cid:3032)(cid:3039)(cid:3028)(cid:3043)(cid:3046)(cid:3032)(cid:3031) (cid:3047)(cid:3040)(cid:3032) (cid:4667) or (cid:4666)(cid:3040)(cid:3042)(cid:3039)(cid:3032)(cid:3046) (cid:3042)(cid:3033) (cid:3045)(cid:3032)(cid:3028)(cid:3030)(cid:3047)(cid:3028)(cid:3041)(cid:3047) (cid:3031)(cid:3046)(cid:3028)(cid:3043)(cid:3043)(cid:3032)(cid:3028)(cid:3045)(cid:3041)(cid:3034) (cid:3032)(cid:3039)(cid:3028)(cid:3043)(cid:3046)(cid:3032)(cid:3031) (cid:3047)(cid:3040)(cid:3032) The rate is positive for the appearance of product and for the disappearance of reactant. Chemical reactions require that collisions occur between the reacting molecules. The rate of collisions depends on four variables (cid:4667: the concentration of reactants, their spatial orientation when they collide, the temperature at which the reaction takes place, the presence of catalysts. For a chemical reaction to take place, a collision must result in the breaking or the rearrangement of bonds.
