CHEM 0110 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Spectator Ion, Reducing Agent, Salt Metathesis Reaction
Document Summary
Ionic theory of solutions: certain substances produce freely moving ions when dissolved in water, and these ions conduct electricity in aqueous solutions. All the molecules in pure water are electrically neutral so don"t conduct. Water just acts as solvent to create free electrons that can move. Electrolyte: a substance that dissolves in water to give an electrically conducting solution. Ionic solids that dissolve in water are electrolytes, eg: salt. Some molecular compounds are also electrolytes, eg. hcl. Strong electrolytes: completely ionizes in solution (so are strong acids all strong electroyltes, and the only strong electroylites?) Weak electroyltes: only gives small percentage of ions in water. Nonelectrolytes: substance that dissolves in water to give a nonconducting or poorly conducting solution. Most soluble molecular substances are weak or nonelectrolytes. Solubility rules: table 4. 1 page 107 in textbook: group 1a and ammonium compounds are soluble, acetates and nitrates are soluble, most chlorides, bromides, and iodides are soluble.
