CHEM 0110 Chapter 10: Notes - Molecular Geometry and Chemical Bonding Theory (Ebbing and Gammon)

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Molecules have definite structures: atoms of a molecule have definite positions relative to one another in a 3-d space. Trigonal planar - molecule described by 3 imaginary lines connecting atoms. Trigonal pyramidal - having a pyramid shape as well as trigonal structure. Molecular geometry - the general shape of a molecule, as determined by the relative positions of the atomic nuclei. Molecular geometry determined by the relative positions of the nuclei. Vsepr (valence shell electron pair repulsion) model predicts correct general shape of a molecule. Valence bond theory provides insight into why bonds form and reveals that bonds have definite directions in space, resulting in particular molecular geometries. Vsepr assumes that the valence shell electrons pairs are arranged about each atom so that they are as far away from each other as possible. 2 electron pairs in valence shell: opposite ends of the nucleus. Gives a linear arrangement of electron pairs.

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