PSYC 3400 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10: Jean Piaget, Object Permanence, Habituation
30 Apr 2018
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Chapter 10: Self as Constructor
1.) Jean Piaget: Mind and personality are only mildly affected by social culture
a. What are the parts?
1. Circular reactions: Simple pleasurable behaviors that infants repeat over and over
(sucking, shaking, etc)
2. Disappearing fist: Thing expressed as a noun and process expressed as a verb.
3. Structure: Distinctive pattern that presents law, properties or a totality seen as a
system
4. System: Interdependent group of schemes and structures, forming unified whole
5. Phenomenologists: Psychologists who derive their understanding of human
experience from people’s private experimental reports
b. What makes a person go?
1. Assimilation: Taking in surrounding environment
2. Accommodation: Re-modification of behavior as a result of experiences
3. Equilibration: Assimilation and accommodation balance each other
4. Disequilibrium: Imbalance between assimilation and accommodation
5. Adaption: Equilibration of assimilation and accommodation
6. Telenomic: Behaviors are goal oriented
c. What makes a person grow?
1. Infancy: Sensorimotor. Ready-made reflexes Primary circular reactions
Secondary circular reactions coordinating schemes tertiary circular
reactions mental and symbolic play
2. Early Childhood: Preoperational. Pre-conception (magical/animistic thinking),
pre-logical (things are as they appear)
3. Late Childhood: Concrete operations. Understanding changeless nature of matter.
Classifying, reversibility, ordering objects, reasoning logically, developing sense
of self
4. Adolescence: Formal operations. Abstract reasoning. Propositional reasoning.
d. Testable?
1. A lot of experimental studies have proved things like object permanence and
habituation but different ages than Piaget claimed
2. Piaget recognized children aren’t dim or underdeveloped versions of adults, they
just develop differently
2.) George Kelly: Cognitive Constructivism
a. What are the parts?
1. Constructive alternativism: Idea that no one need be stuck by their circumstances.
Alternative choices can always be found. A person’s processes are
psychologically channelized by the ways in which he anticipates events.
2. Personal construct: Cognitive template for constructing an experience
3. Dichotomy corollary: We compare things by their opposites and similarities
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