FINA 2201 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Risk-Free Interest Rate, Risk Aversion, Risk Premium

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Risk: uncertainty about returns; the chance that some unfavorable event will occur. Investors like returns but dislike risk: the higher the risk, the higher the return, & vice versa. How do we measure risk: probability distributions: a listing of possible outcomes or events with a probability (chance of occurrence) assigned to each outcome, standard deviation: a statistical measure of the variability of a set of observations. The tighter the probability distribution, the lower the risk. We use standard deviation to quantify the tightness. The smaller the , the lower the risk. Expected rate of return (r): the rate of return expected to be realized from an investment; the weighted average of the probability distribution of possible results. Martin products vs. u. s. water: probability distributions and expected returns. Choose us water: = 3. 87%, lower = less risky & return = same. Using historical data to measure risk: historical is often used as an.

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